Jerusalem, 16 Sept

The Israeli military began its ground offensive in Gaza City on Tuesday, slowly closing in on the Palestinian territory's largest city, where block after block has already been destroyed in the Israel-Hamas war. Thousands of people streamed out in vehicles laden with their belongings, but hundreds of thousands more remain.

The operation marks yet another escalation in a conflict that has roiled the Middle East for nearly two years and likely pushes any ceasefire farther out of reach. The military wouldn't offer a timeline for the offensive, which it says aims to “destroy Hamas' military infrastructure,” but Israeli media suggested it could take months.

It began the same day that independent experts commissioned by the United Nations' Human Rights Council accused Israel of committing genocide in Gaza. Israel fiercely rejected the allegation, calling the experts' report “distorted and false.”

Israeli Defence Minister Israel Katz declared that “Gaza is burning” as the operation began, and heavy bombardment battered the city overnight and into the morning.

Long lines of cars and trucks strapped with mattresses and other belongings stretched down Gaza's coastal road, as people fled the city. Some crowded on top of vehicles, while others made their way on foot.

On a brief visit to the region, US Secretary of State Marco Rubio warned that there was a “very short window of time in which a deal can happen” to end the war.

Intensity of strikes in Gaza City grows

An Israeli military official, speaking on condition of anonymity in line with military guidelines, said that the “main phase” of the Gaza City operation had begun, with troops moving in from the city's outskirts toward its centre. Airstrikes have pounded Gaza City for some time in the lead-up to the operation, knocking down towers in the city.

The official said the Israeli military believes there are approximately 2,000 to 3,000 Hamas militants left in Gaza City, as well as tunnels used by the militant group. Hamas' military capabilities have been vastly diminished over nearly two years of war, and nowadays it mainly carries out guerrilla-style attacks, with small groups of fighters planting explosives or attacking military outposts before melting away.

An estimated 1 million Palestinians were living in the Gaza City region before warnings to evacuate began ahead of the offensive, and the Israeli military estimates 350,000 people have left the city.

A UN estimate on Monday, however, said that over 220,000 Palestinians have fled northern Gaza over the past month.

By the end of the current operation, an Israeli military graphic suggested its troops hope to control all of the Gaza Strip except for a large swath along the coast.

At least 34 Palestinians killed in Gaza City

Palestinian residents reported heavy strikes across Gaza City on Tuesday morning.

By noon, the city's Shifa Hospital had received the bodies of 34 people killed in the strikes, said Dr. Rami Mhanna, a hospital official. Dozens of wounded had also come into the facility, he said.

“A very tough night in Gaza,” Dr. Mohamed Abu Selmiya, the hospital's director, told The Associated Press. “The bombing did not stop for a single moment."

Several women gathered at the hospital's morgue, where AP footage showed many dead in body bags.

“How long will we remain like this? We've had enough," said one of the women, who identified herself as Um Ahmed Zaqout. "Throw us into any country. Enough of this torture here.”

The Israeli military did not immediately respond to requests for comment on the deadly strikes, but in the past has accused Hamas of building military infrastructure inside civilian areas, especially in Gaza City.

Israel's retaliatory offensive has killed at least 64,900 Palestinians, according to Gaza's Health Ministry, which doesn't say how many were civilians or combatants. The ministry, which is part of the Hamas-run government and staffed by medical professionals, says women and children make up around half the dead.

Families of hostages beg Netanyahu to halt the operation

Overnight, families of the hostages still being held in Gaza gathered outside of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's residence, pleading with him to stop the Gaza City operation.

Some pitched tents and slept outside his home in protest.

“I have one interest — for this country to wake up and bring back my child along with 47 other hostages, both living and deceased, and to bring our soldiers home," Einav Zangauker, whose son Matan is being held in Gaza, shouted outside Netanyahu's residence.

“If he stops at nothing and sends our precious, brave, heroic soldiers to fight while our hostages are being used as human shields — he is not a worthy prime minister,” Zangauker.

Israel believes around 20 of the hostages, including Matan, are alive. Hamas has said it will only free remaining hostages in return for Palestinian prisoners, a lasting ceasefire and an Israeli withdrawal from Gaza.

On a visit to Israel, Rubio suggested that there might still be time for a negotiated end to the war.

“At some point, this has to end. At some point, Hamas has to be defanged, and we hope it can happen through a negotiation,” he said. “But I think time, unfortunately, is running out.”

He continued to Qatar, where he met with its ruling emir. Qatar is incensed over an Israeli strike last week that killed five Hamas members and a local security official.

Egypt escalates its rhetoric against Israel

Egypt, which has had a peace deal with Israel for decades and has also served as a mediator in the war in Gaza, appears to be losing its patience with Israel.

Egypt's president, Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi, described Israel as “an enemy” in a fiery speech at the Qatar summit on Monday. It was the first time an Egyptian leader used the term since the two countries established diplomatic ties in 1979, said Diaa Rashwan, head of the Egyptian government's State Information Service.

Qatar's emir also used unusually strong language to denounce Israel at the summit.

Egypt was the first Arab country to establish ties with Israel, and its peace treaty is seen as a cornerstone for stability in the volatile region.

“Egypt is being threatened,” Rashwan told the state-run Extra News television late Monday.

El-Sissi's “enemy” comment played prominently across Egyptian newspapers' front pages on Tuesday, and while Cairo has taken no steps to change its status with Israel, the Egyptian government likely is trying to signal just how seriously it takes Israel's recent actions.